Systems case / 04 · Common core + specialized motion

Designing one CRM for multiple commercial motions

A fictional CRM architecture case: an opportunity taxonomy, universal states, motion-specific extensions and a reporting model that keeps one pipeline.

Fictional scenario

Independently created. Contains no employer or client implementation detail, internal names or figures.

01The outcome

One opportunity model with universal states and shared fields, motion-specific stages and extensions on top, and one forecast semantics that every motion maps to.

The reality

New business, strategic projects, expansion and account growth are forced through one lifecycle—or about to be split into incompatible models.

Architecture question

Which states are universal, which stages differ, and what does ‘Closed Won’ mean for each motion?

Key decision

Separate universal state (open, won, lost) from motion-specific stages, and keep motion-specific data in extensions rather than in separate models.

ContextA B2B manufacturer sells in several distinct ways: winning new customers, long strategic projects with equipment makers, adding product lines to existing customers and growing volume inside existing accounts. One opportunity lifecycle serves all of them, so stages mean different things to different teams—and a proposal to build a separate model for each motion threatens to split the pipeline.

Systems and partiesCRMPricingERPData platform

02The reality · current state

What the platform looks like today.

  • One stage list serves motions that progress in completely different ways
  • Strategic projects sit in ‘Proposal’ for a year and distort the forecast
  • Expansion deals carry fields that only new-customer deals need
  • ‘Closed Won’ means a signed contract for one team and a first order for another
  • A separate model per motion is proposed, which would split the pipeline
  • Reports compare stages that do not mean the same thing

03System responsibilities

Every platform, one job—and a boundary.

What each platform owns in this design, and what it deliberately does not. These are the responsibilities for this context, not universal rules.

CRM

One opportunity model, several motions
Owns
  • Opportunity taxonomy and motion type
  • Universal states and forecast category
  • Motion-specific stages and exit criteria
  • Motion extension data
Deliberately does not own
  • Contract and order execution
  • Win-rate and forecast-accuracy analysis

Pricing

Price and margin for any motion
Owns
  • Price books and discount policy
  • Margin calculation
Deliberately does not own
  • Opportunity stage or probability

ERP

What happens after the win
Owns
  • Orders, deliveries and invoices
  • Supply agreements and call-offs
Deliberately does not own
  • Pipeline or forecast

Data platform

Comparable pipeline analytics
Owns
  • Conversion and forecast accuracy by motion
  • Stage-duration benchmarks per motion
Deliberately does not own
  • Stage definitions

04Key dimension · Common core + specialized motion

Common core, specialized motions

Every opportunity shares one core: identity, universal state, amount, forecast category and owner. Each motion adds its own stages and data—and states what ‘won’ means.

New customer

  1. Qualify
  2. Discover
  3. Propose
  4. Negotiate
Extension
Customer-creation readiness · Credit pre-check
Forecast
Committed at ‘Negotiate’
‘Closed Won’ means
Signed first order
Then
Customer creation, then first order

Strategic project

  1. Specify
  2. Nominate
  3. Prototype
  4. Series award
Extension
Programme and project · Nomination date · Volume ramp by year
Forecast
By volume ramp, not by close date
‘Closed Won’ means
Series award
Then
Supply agreement, then call-off orders

Product-line expansion

  1. Identify
  2. Sample
  3. Approve
  4. Order
Extension
Product line · Sample approval
Forecast
Committed after sample approval
‘Closed Won’ means
First order of the new line
Then
Order on the existing customer

Account growth

  1. Plan
  2. Propose
  3. Agree
Extension
Account-plan link · Growth lever
Forecast
Rolled into the account plan
‘Closed Won’ means
Agreed volume or price change
Then
Contract or price update
Shared opportunity core
  • Open
  • Won
  • Lost
  • Account and legal entity
  • Motion type
  • Amount and currency
  • Close date
  • Forecast category
  • Owner and team

Demand generation is not a motion. It is a source any motion can have—an attribute, not another lifecycle.

05Data authority

Who may create, change, read or derive each concept.

Highlight
Data authority by business concept: which system may create, update, read or derive each concept
Business conceptCRMPricingERPData platform
Motion typeSet at creation. Changing it later is a controlled re-qualification, not an edit.CreateNo authorityNo authorityRead
Universal state (open, won, lost)The same three states for every motion—what forecasting and reporting rely on.CreateUpdateNo authorityReadRead
Motion-specific stageEach motion has its own stages, each mapped to a universal state.CreateUpdateNo authorityNo authorityRead
Forecast categoryDerived from the stage mapping—not typed by the seller.DeriveNo authorityNo authorityRead
Price and marginReferenced through the quote. The opportunity shows the result; it does not own the price.ReadCreateUpdateReadRead
Order after the win‘Closed Won’ starts a different path per motion; the order always belongs to the ERP.ReadNo authorityCreateUpdateRead
Win rate & stage durationComputed per motion. One benchmark for all motions would mislead.ReadNo authorityNo authorityDerive

No system owns a whole record here. Authority sits with each concept—and sometimes changes hands when the lifecycle does.

06Candidate architectures

Credible options, judged against these premises.

Rejected

One lifecycle for every motion

Homogeneous transactional sales

Cost: Stages lose meaning; forecasts mix incompatible cycles
Rejected

A separate model per motion

Motions with no shared accounts or reporting

Cost: A split pipeline, duplicated automation, no global forecast
Selected

Shared core with motion-specific stages and extensions

Distinct motions on shared accounts and one forecast

Cost: Needs a governed taxonomy and a stage mapping

07The second layer

Questions that change the architecture.

Taxonomy

  1. Is this a different lifecycle, or only different data?
  2. Which states are universal?
  3. Is demand generation a motion or a source?

Forecast

  1. Do all opportunity types forecast the same way?
  2. What does ‘Closed Won’ mean for each motion?
  3. How do long project cycles enter a quarterly forecast?

Downstream

  1. Which process follows each type after the win?
  2. Which fields belong to the base model, and which to a motion?
  3. How do reports stay comparable across motions?

08Decisions & outputs

What the work produces.

  1. 01Opportunity taxonomy
  2. 02Shared lifecycle & universal states
  3. 03Motion-specific stages & extensions
  4. 04Stage-to-forecast mapping
  5. 05Reporting model
  6. 06Automation boundaries per motion